The Extermination Of Jews By Nazi Germany Essay - 1438 Words

When considering the holocaust, there is often a questioning of how society can persecute the entirety of a race or religious group. Apart from the logistics, strategy, or tactics of mass genocide, it is difficult to comprehend how an entire country can bear responsibility for the premature deaths of over six million people. While genocide, including the extermination of Jews by Nazi Germany, has occurred under multiple different contexts and is still present in modern society, there must be a psychological component to the cause of genocide. Where was humanity in the midst of widespread murder? Shouldn’t there have been as many advocates for peace as there was for death? Most importantly, what does this say about mankind as a whole and its capacity for good? Perhaps thoroughly understanding the mindset that fosters the escalation of racism, hate, and even apathy may gear society with the tools needed to prevent history’s repetition. First and foremost, one may look to Hitler’s weapons: SS soldiers. At face value, it is easy to assume that these individuals had arguably more sadist tendencies than the Fuhrer himself, as they were most intimately involved in the systematic murder of Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, and handicapped individuals. Certainly, Hitler’s henchman must have possessed significantly unusual tendencies toward violence and a unique lack of empathy. This assumption is natural, after all, people are never inclined to consider criminals- especially murderers-Show MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Second World War1124 Words   |  5 Pagesclosely related to the rise of other wars, especially in Germany. The increasing of the Second World War is viewed as being closely related back to the First World War. In that war Germany under the right-wing of Kaiser Wilhelm II along with his associates, had been beat by countries like: The United Kingdom, United States, France, Russia and others. The war was directly related by the winners on the nationalism of Germany, even tho it was Germany that started the war with an attack on France. FranceRead MoreEssay on Faith and Reason within the Holocaust1715 Words   |  7 Pageshorrors of the 20th Century was the extermination of over 6 million Jews and 5 million others during the Holocaust. In the face of this atrocity many have wondered how such a tragedy transcended in a supposed civilized European society. What role did religious institutions play in the prevention or lack of prevention of the horrors inflicted by the Nazis? How did the German government create, within a reasoning public, acceptance and even support for the extermination of a people who previously wereRead MoreThe Effects Of Jews On Jewish Population During The Nazi Regime1119 Words   |  5 Pagesit concerns the Final Solution of the Nazis concerning the Jews. On January 20th 1942, 15 leading officials of the Nazi state met at a villa in Wannsee, a suburb of Berlin, to discuss the â€Å"Final so lution of the Jewish Question† (â€Å"The Final Solution,† 2015). They used the term â€Å"Final Solution† to refer to their plan to annihilate the Jewish people. It is not known when the leaders of Nazi Germany definitively decided to implement their plan to eradicate the Jews† (â€Å"United States Holocaust Memorial MuseumRead MoreThe Holocaust : Its Causes And How It Was Carried Out1497 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion Jews by the Nazi government, led by Adolf Hitler. Apart from the Jews, other groups considered inferior or anti-establishment such as Poles, Romans and gypsies were also killed. There were several reasons for these grisly murders, inhuman detention and subjections of the victims to forced labor while starving. The word Holocaust comes from the Greek words (Holos-Whole) and (Kaustos-Burned). It was used to describe a sacrificial offering burning to an Altar. To the anti-Semitic Nazi leaderRead MoreThe Holocaust Was An Extremely Traumatic Even t1690 Words   |  7 PagesHolocaust including; the economy of Germany, the ideology of the Nazis, Hitler’s personal racism, and outright fear. Now the Holocaust was the period from January 30, 1933 - when Adolf Hitler became the chancellor of Germany - to May 8, 1945, when the war in Europe finally ended. The Holocaust was the torture and murder of six million Jews by the Nazi rule and their allies. When the German Nazis came to power, they believed that Germans were racially superior and the Jews and multiple other victims wereRead MoreAdolf Hitler And The Middle Class901 Words   |  4 PagesHe exterminated anything that stood in his way. Hitler blamed two things for the turmoil in Germany: Jews and democracy; therefore, he was able to get the middle class on board with his ideas because they were suffering the most in the aftermath of the war. The middle class was paying war reparations, suffering with hyperinflation and dealing with political chaos. Hitler was elected chancellor of Germany on January 30th of 1933. They believed Hitler was the leader that would make everything betterRead MoreThe Holocaust Essay532 Words   |  3 PagesThe holocaust, or Shoah was a systematic, planned program of genocide to exterminate all Jews. This government based program was carried out by Hitler, and its allies in the Nazi army during world war two. Approximately 6 million Jews were killed, and if the murder of the Romani, Soviet civilians and prisoners, the disabled, homosexuals, and others who apposed to Hitler’s religious, political and social views were counted, this number would be more like 11 to 17 million. The holocaust is generallyRead MoreThe Holocaust: One of the Darkest Times in Human History Essay760 Words   |  4 PagesThe holocaust is one of the darkest times in human history. Mass exterminations, torture , and mistreatment .thee holocaust is no doubt a sensitive subject to man, but shouldn’t be covered up or hidden. Adolf Hitle r thee leader of the Nazi Party was appointed the chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933 during that time Germany had a Jewish population of about 566,000. Hitler had a hatred for Jewish people, the roots of his anti Semitism are unclear. When Hitler came to power he almost immediatelyRead MoreThe Extermination of Jews Living in Germany Essay596 Words   |  3 PagesThe Holocaust was an organized event to persecute and murder millions Jews by the Nazi regime and its associates. The term Holocaust derives from a Greek word meaning sacrifice by fire. The immediate cause for the event was that the Nazis, who came to power in Germany in 1933, announced that they were racially superior above all races and that the Jews were inferior, and were a threat to the German society. In 1925, there was an individual whose strengths helped determine the outcome of Germany’sRead MoreThe Nazi Party and The Holocaust1119 Words   |  4 Pagescentury Germany. It all began when Adolph Hitler was appointed as chancellor of Germany on January 30th, 1933. Soon after, Hitler gained a numerous amount of followers and rapidly developed his Nazi Germany. Led by visions of racial purity and spatial expansion, the Nazis mainly targeted Jews. In addition, Nazis also targeted Gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovahs Witnesses and disabled people along with anyone who resisted them. This tragic event lasted a total of 12 years. On April 1, 1933, the Nazis announced

Positive Interventions A Comparison of Increased...

Along with life and liberty, the pursuit of happiness is among the most fundamental ideals in American society. The men who founded the United States of America in the late 18th century listed these three values as â€Å"unalienable rights† for the citizens of the new nation they were forming. In a recent study looking at the pursuit of happiness, Lyubomirsky, Sheldon, and Schkade state, â€Å"If it is meaningful and important to pursue happiness, then it is crucial to find out how this can be accomplished† (2005, p. 126). In later work, Sheldon and Lyubomirsky (2006) observe that little research has been done to uncover the exact methods in which happiness increases. The views offered by the authors of these previous research projects are vital to the current investigation because there is evidence that even though happiness is pursued, happiness is not accomplished by the majority of Americans. A Harris Poll, recently published by Harris Interactive (2013), revea ls that only 33% of Americans are very happy. This infers that over 200,000,000 Americans could be happier. Sin and Lyubomirsky (2009) report that people in individualist cultures (of which the United States is a clear example) benefit more from positive psychological interventions, such as acts of kindness and activities involving gratitude. Previous work shows that performing both of these activities can positively affect well-being. Emmons and McCollough (2003) identify increases in positive affect and decreasesShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesWeidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproductionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrievalRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pageswritten permission of the publisher. Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any additional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08Read MoreBackground Inditex, One of the Worlds Largest Fashion Distributors, Has Eight Major Sales Formats - Zara, Pull and Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home Y Kiddys Class- with 3.147 Stores in 70100262 Words   |  402 PagesInterorganisational management of environmental and social aspects in the supply chain Case studies from the textile sector Doctoral dissertation the international institute for industrial environmental economics Lund University, Sweden  IIIEE DISSERTATIONS 2009:2  Responsibility in the Supply Chain Interorganisational management of environmental and social aspects in the supply chain Case studies from the textile sector Beatrice KOGG Doctoral Dissertation May 2009 The InternationalRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesinnovation in companies at a far faster rate than would have been the case if there had been no boom; that is, without those effects, innovation might not have taken place at all. All this business growth has caused increasing complexity in business action and decision making. It has presented chief executive officers (CEOs) and management leaders in all markets and industries with new intricacies in deciding how to weigh and time the business decisions—and the quality of those decisions—that increasinglyRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslittle significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable

Rent Critique - 702 Words

Critique on Contemporary American Play Rent By: Chelsea Huckabee First of all, I decided to watch the movie Rent, which was based on Jonathan Larson’s Pulizer and his Tony award-winning musical, which has also appeared on Broadway many times. The film and musical are about a group of artists, eight friends, who are living in New York City during the HIV/AIDS epidemic. They each are dealing with different problems in their lives, such as HIV/AIDS, drug addiction, rejection, and poverty. This movie had a very tremendous impact on me, and I was very impressed with how they tied each theme into it. I was moved in a way that it has even effected the way I look at others, and overall at life. The actors and actresses were all very†¦show more content†¦There is a character who is a heroin addict named Mimi who is a very controversial character, and I think it made the movie have substance and likability to see that issue come to light. Everyone has their own issues in this world, and not all of them are rainbows and butterflies. This movie really showed the grittiness of living with addiction and disease, and how people dealt with it. There are many themes within this play/movie. First, I noticed that love is a major theme. Roger had lost his girlfriend; April to suicide after she found out she had contracted HIV. He is trying to write one more song for her, and cannot find the right words. Another key theme for this movie was acceptance. Each of these characters accepts each other, and overall really cares about each other despite their differences. Angel who is also infected with AIDS soon found Collins, who was left in an alley after being beaten by thugs. Angel proceeded to take car of him and take him back to his place to fix him up. The playwright was trying to get quite a few messages when he created this play. First of all, I believe he was trying to show social change and the power and potential that an individual has inside of them, despite their circumstances. I think that this play/movie reveals the true messiness of life and how with the right mindset, you can make it through anything youShow MoreRelatedEvaluating The Resource Based View During The Location Selection Process1169 Words   |  5 Pagesresources across competing firms. In turn, resource market characteristics shape rent potential of resources and resource characteristics. The persistence of rents emerging from resources primarily depends on the characteristics of the resources. The resource-based view of the firm examines the firms’ resources and capabilities that enable them achieve a sustainable competitive advantage an above-normal rate of return (rents) (Johnson, Hoopes, 2003). From the resource-based view the heterogeneity ofRe ad More Unexpected Critiques in Walden Essay1057 Words   |  5 PagesUnexpected Critiques in Walden In Walden, Henry David Thoreau utilizes many different styles and themes to explain his ideas about shelter in further detail. Thoreau uses lists, long and short sentences, imagery, and different narrative voices. But out of all the things Thoreau uses to strengthen his argument, the most powerful is his unexpected comparisons and his sarcasm towards shelter. Thoreau uses these to get the reader interested, but more importantly it gets the reader to reconsiderRead MoreAnalysis On The s Supply Side Rent Gap By Geographer Chris Hamnett836 Words   |  4 Pagessupply-side â€Å"rent-gap† theory. Hamnett argues that both theories provide an incomplete picture of this complex process, and thus a cohesive explanation of gentrification must incorporate ideas from both. This is argued through the critiquing the two differing viewpoints: through examining their potential flaws and by citing real world data from studies of other scholars, including Clark (1988). Additionally, Hamne tt also draws from theorists such as Mullins (1982) to further his critique of the twoRead More`` Nosedive `` : Themes And Serves As A Strong Critique Of The Modern Age And The Nature Of1162 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Nosedive† addresses a different set of existential themes and serves as a strong critique of the modern age and the nature of being the Other. Within â€Å"Nosedive,† there is a world in which everyone is involved in a social media application that completely runs everyone’s life. After every interaction, people will rate one another on a scale of one to five. Everything from social status to one’s ability to rent a car is based upon the score. There are organizations devoted entirely to consultationsRead MoreMercantilism Analysis770 Words   |  4 Pagesits favour during the 18th century. In the year 1969, John Locke made an agreement that prices differ in proportion to the quantity of money. The second treatise made by John Locke also p ointed out towards the heart of the anti-mercantilist, the critique was that â€Å"the wealth of the world is not fixed, but is created by human labor’’ (represented by John Locke in his unformed labor theory of value). Mercantilists were unsuccessful in understanding the concept of absolute advantage and comparativeRead MoreThe, The And, And Demand Side Theory And Neil Smith s Supply Side And Rent Gap Essay906 Words   |  4 Pagesand Neil Smith’s supply-side â€Å"rent-gap† theory. Hamnett argues that both theories provide an incomplete picture of this complex process, and thus a cohesive explanation of gentrification must incorporate ideas from both. This is argued through the critiquing the two differing viewpoints: examining their potential flaws and citing real world data from studies of other scholars. Additionally, Hamnett also the viewpoints of contemporary theorists to further his critique of the two theories, and to constructRead MoreDisabili ty On The Ontario Disability Support Plan1450 Words   |  6 Pagesnot get a lot of money to begin with. The cost of living for an individual with a disability is a lot higher than someone who is abled-bodied. ODSP never considers where that individual is living, depending if rent is higher in the city, more than half the money they receive monthly goes to rent and leave little to nothing for food and other cost. Learning about disability issues has broadened my previous knowledge, and finally I understand the social model of disability and comprehend the historyRead MoreGenre Analysis Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pagespaper, I will explore what is a film in the musical genre and why it has such a lasting effect through the examination of three considered, classic musical films of their eras. The three films that will be examined are Singin’ in the Rain, Grease, and Rent. These three movies are considered some of the top musicals of their time. Singin in the Rain is a 1952 musical comedy film starring Gene Kelly, Donald OConnor and Debbie Reynolds. This film is a comic portrayal of Hollywood’s transition fromRead MoreHow Have The Texts You Studied Explored Social Values?1243 Words   |  5 Pagessignificance that money will have on this film and the theory that money is the key component of achieving your dreams. Edward’s wealth is exhibited when he first takes Vivian to his penthouse apartment. Although Edward is afraid of heights, he continues to rent the penthouse because â€Å"It’s the best†. The panning shot which follows this statement portrays Vivian removing her trench coat to further reveal her skimpy clothing. The camera pauses on Vivian who is standing in the centre of the exquisite hotel roomRead MoreThe Heart Of Racism, And Tommie Shelby Paper1177 Words   |  5 Pagesreal reason why person P1 does not rent to person P2 may be that P1 view P2 as a member of a racial group R2, to whose members P1 has an aversion†¦ Even if P1 convinces herself it was for some other reason that she does not rent. As racist discrimination need not always be conscious, so it need not always be intended to harm† (Garcia, 241). Again stating that whether or not beliefs are there it is not considered a racist act unless actions are represented. Critique of that support and other reasons

The Importance Of Operant Conditioning And Classical...

Zoe Nanke Elementary Psychology Discussion Section Shaun Vecera Friday October 10, 2014 There are different types of learning used in the world of psychology. Two of the most well known styles of learning are operant conditioning and classical conditioning. American behavioral psychologist B.F. Skinner founded operant conditioning. Operant conditioning tries to either increase or decrease a behavior. Increasing a behavior is reinforcement and decreasing a behavior is punishment. There then are two subdivisions of each; positive and negative. Positive means giving something in order to increase or decrease a behavior, negative mans taking something away in order to increase or decrease a behavior. Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov founded classical conditioning, otherwise known as Pavlovian conditioning. Classical conditioning is when you continually pair two stimuli (anything that can cause a response) together until the response (any action or behavior) to the first stimulus is triggered by the second stimulus as well. Operant conditioning and Classical conditioning are similar in the fact that they either are changing behavior. They are also similar because they create learning based on experience that ends in an almost permanent change in behavior. Their difference comes in their process of going about changing a behavior. Operant conditioning is giving or taking away something to increase or decrease a behavior. Classical condition is putting different stimuli andShow MoreRelatedClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1204 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. These forms of learning are very practical and can be seen and used in everyday life. Classical and operant conditioning are different forms of learning which have importance in everyday life and can be found in advertising, PTSD, and even lifestyle changes. To fully understand the importance of classical and operant conditioning, it is important to first understand what they are and how they are different. Classical conditioningRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning929 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion 5 1. Define: Classical Conditioning is learning theory based on the assumption that the learning process occurs due to associations between an environmental stimulus and a natural occurring stimulus, as indicated in our textbook. This learning theory was developed by John Watson. He proposed that this theory is able to explain human behavior. Watson also assumed that our environment shapes our personality as a whole. His ideas were influenced by the findings of Ivan Pavlov, a RussianRead MoreEssay Is Learning a Science?801 Words   |  4 PagesThese methods are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Precisely, what is conditioning? Conditioning is the process of changing behavior in such a way that an action formerly associated with a particular stimulus becomes associated with a new and unrelated stimulus. Both of these learning methods are basic forms of learning, which leads me to the discussion of operant conditioning. Is operant conditioning a Science? What is operant conditioning? Operant conditioning is a technique ofRead MoreBehaviorism And The Operant Conditioning Theory Essay1415 Words   |  6 Pagesstimuli. Behaviorism, as explored by the before mentioned, is a biological basis of learning and focuses exclusively on observable behaviors. This includes Thorndike’s theory of connectionism, Pavlov’s classical conditioning and the well-known conditioning theory from Skinner—the operant conditioning model. However, many researchers did not like the one-size fits all explanation of behaviorism. Cognitivism grew in response to behaviorism in an effort to better understand the mental processes behindRead MoreClassical And Operant Conditioning And The Field Of Psychology997 Words   |  4 PagesHow have studies of classical and operant conditioning contributed to the field of psychology? In this essay I will outline the main principles of both operant and classical conditioning methods and discuss what both theories have contributed to the field of psychology and what they have taught us about the way in which some human behaviour occurs. Classical conditioning, also known as Pavlovian conditioning (Davis, S. F., Buskist, W. (2008). 21st century psychology: a reference handbook PageRead MorePsychological Conditioning and Theories of Behavior1013 Words   |  4 Pagesresearching the digestive systems of dogs and led him to the discovery of classical condition, a way to modify behaviors using conditioned responses. Pavlovs views intrigued American John Watson, who pushed the idea forward in up through the 1950s. Building on these theories, but amending the model with the effects of punishment and reward, B.F. Skinners work had a revolutionary effect on behaviorism, now called operant conditioning (Shiraev, 2010, pp. 246-54). Learning Theory- Some say a logical reactionRead MoreIvan Pavlov s Theory Of Classical Conditioning Essay1349 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment of the first experimental model of learning: classical conditioning. He began his studies as a theology major, and changed throughout the years to physiology at the University of St. Petersburg. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1904 (Psychology History). Ivan Pavlov was a very intelligent man. He was known for working on and experimenting with animals (dogs specifically). Pavlov s theory of classical conditioning consisted of a dog, a bell, food, and salivation. HeRead MoreLearning Final Integrative Paper Aisha Khawaja 121972 Words   |  8 PagesKhawaja 1 Running head: DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN CLASSICAL AND OPERANT CONDITIONING Distinctions between classical and operant conditioning Aisha Khawaja New Jersey City University Khawaja 2 Running head: DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN CLASSICAL AND OPERANT CONDITIONING Abstract There are many differences between classical and operant conditioning that will be discussed in this paper. These two types of conditioning are often misinterpreted by many individuals; therefore, it is important to distinguish theRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical Conditioning Theory Essay712 Words   |  3 Pagesand Mary Anisworth (1979) Two important learning theories of behaviorist perspective are classical and operant conditioning and are two important concepts to psychology. The processes are different but they both result in learning. Classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behaviour through the process of association. Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) discovered the concept of classical conditioning whilst investigating the salivation reflex of dogs. Pavlov famous experiment (1927) with theRead MoreThe Theories Of Behaviorist Theory1116 Words   |  5 Pagesof psychology was focused on the study of the mind and consciousness (â€Å"Behaviorism Theory Overview,† n.d.). Watson based much of his theory on Pavlov’s classical conditioning, and as a result believed that nurture was the cause of human differences (â€Å"John B. Watson,† n.d.). The experiment that Watson used to apply Pavlov’ classical conditioning theory to humans was the â€Å"Little Albert† experiment. In this experiment Watson began working with a nine month old infant, observing his responses to various

Security Issues Addressing Cloud Computing - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Security Issues Addressing Cloud Computing? Answer: Introduction The Four Seasons Greenhouse and Nursery of Colorado is a small business organization that has been profited by the introduction of new point of sale system in the year 2008. The system compiled all the essential business data for improving the decision making process of the Nursery. The point of sale system allowed the owners to track the business data and sales transaction in real time that helps in enhancing the estimation process (refer to appendix 1). This system has considerably helped the organization in increasing the amount of profit as previously, with the system of manual record keeping the amount of profit of the nursery was negligible. The timely availability of the product information helps in proper maintenance of the inventory (Laudon and Laudon 2016). The report gives an overview of the different advantages, disadvantages and risks associated with the new point of sales system. Advantages and Disadvantages of POS system The advantages of the new point of sales system are as follows (refer to appendix 2)- The new point of sale system eliminates the need of manual tracking of the sales by allowing the owners to track the transactions immediately. Therefore, the new point of sales system makes the tiresome process of compiling the sales history considerably simple. Furthermore, it eliminates the possibility of error in updating the sales details manually (Stadtle 2015). The new point of sales system increases the accuracy of the financial data of the system. With the implementation of the system, the manual entry of the sales transactions is eliminated as well. This reduced the number of errors in calculation of the financial data and associated with the sales. The new Point of sales system furthermore helped in carrying out the vital tasks of business such as estimation of inventory and sales in a relatively lesser time in comparison with the manual data keeping system. This is because the details of the sales and the inventory are updated in real time (Diallo, Rodrigues and Sene 2012). The accurate and flawless data keeping by the point of sales system have considerably helped the organization with their business decision-making process. The accurate inventory count and negligible guesswork have furthermore helped the business in operating in a leaner inventory unit. A proper report of the detailed transaction of inventory items such as the number of units purchased, sold or discarded is now possible to obtain with the help of the point of sales system, which was earlier impossible due to the manual record keeping. The new point of sales system has considerably helped the organization in understanding and identifying the higher profitable products. The perspective of real cost have considerably helped the organization in shifting the production to the higher profit items thereby increasing the profit percentage. The real time reporting has furthermore helped the managers in becoming more effective with their business operation. The new system has furthermore helped in controlling the employee schedule and allocating labour expenses to the specific departments and functions, as it has been easier to track the requirements with the help of the new point of sales system. This function helps the owners in delegating more responsibility to the staffs for establishment of the accountability within Four Seasons. However, with the numerous advantages, there are certain disadvantages as well. The disadvantages of the new point of sales system are as follows- Implementation of the point of sales system is a somewhat costly for small and medium sized enterprises. This is because in order to implement the system within the organization, various hardware and software configuration changes are needed in the organization. This indicates investment of a huge amount of money for the system. It is very essential to impart training to the staffs of the organization in order to make them understand the operation of the new point of sales system. Incorrect operation of the system might lead in generation of the erroneous data or incorrect results. The system needs a regular maintenance. The organization will have to invest a certain some of money for the maintenance of the system. However, if the system is successfully implemented within the organization, it will help the organization in gaining competitive advantage in the marketing, thereby increasing the profit percentage as well. The disadvantages of the system are negligible in comparison to the advantages it offers to the organization. The Competitive advantage of the Business The implementation of the new point of system is expected to offer various competitive advantages to the business organization in the market place. The competitive advantage that the business gain by implementation of the new point of sales system are as follows- The point of sales system integrates all the business operation in a single place. This helps in clear view of the business operations thereby helping in proper management of the business. This in turn helps in gaining a competitive advantage in the market place. The elimination of the manual record keeping of the financial transactions helps achieving a correct data set that in turn helps in improving the business operations of the organization. This certainly provides a competitive advantage to the organization in the market place. Since the new point of sales system helps in tracking the most profitable product and proper management of the inventory, it helps in producing the more profitable product thus giving the organization a competitive advantage in the marketplace (Romney and Steinbart 2012). The major competitive advantage of the company in implementing the new point of sales system is that apart from helping the organization in proper management of the inventory goods, it also helps in proper management of the labours and the employees of the organization (Peppard and Ward 2016). Therefore, it can certainly be said that the new point of sales system will help the Four Season in gaining Competitive advantage in the market. Advantages of having a centralized database The advantages of having a centralized database are as follows- A centralize database considerably improves the data preservation as all the important information regarding the sales and other financial data are stored in a single place (Coronel and Morris 2016). A centralized database improves the data security as storage of data in a central storage limits the security risks the data can face. Centralized database further helps in reducing the cost of the cost of storage, increases the speed of data process. Furthermore, it offers a proper disaster recovery technique and decreases the risk of data manipulation (Stair and Reynolds 2013). It is a cost saving solution and increases the operational efficiency of the organization. The POS in facilitating decision-making The new point of sales system integrates the different operations of the organization thus facilitating the decision making process. The point of sales systems processes the business activities more effectively by providing an accurate data of inventory and sales. For example, in Four Seasons, the products were ordered merely on basis of speculations and there were no proper inventory data. However, with the implementation of the POS system, the units of the products are no longer ordered based on speculations, thus helping the business in operating on a leaner inventory units (Hall 2012). The manual information tracking is difficult to conduct in an effective manner, as it is not only time consuming but also prone to human errors. Therefore, it becomes very difficult to track the information in an effective manner (Galliers and Leidner 2014). Thus, the implementation of the new POS enhances the decision making process. With the implementation of the new POS system, it has been easier to track the inventory and the sales. It is easier to answer the questions related to the amount of purchased orders, orders sold, and orders discarded. Furthermore it increase the control over the employees of the organization as well, thereby facilitating the decision making process (Pearlson et al. 2016). The accurate information provided by the new POS system will help in effective management of all the processes running within an organization. Proper knowledge about the detailed product costs helps in managing and producing products that are more profitable. Furthermore, the detailed management information offers control over schedules and labour expenses as well thereby enhancing the process of decision-making. Telecommunication options There are different types of network options for the implementation of POS in Four Seasons, such as LAN, WAN and MAN. LAN or local area network shares a common wireless communication link to the server within a distinct geographical location. WAN or Wide Area Network on the other hand interconnects a multiple LAN connection in a distributed geographical location. Metropolitan Area Network or MAN interconnects the users with the computer resources in a specific geographical area or region. It is beneficial for the organization to implement the new POS system in WAN (Zhang et al. 2012). This will help the employees of the organization in easier access and management of the data. Furthermore, WAN centralizes the IT infrastructure thereby helping in centralized data management (Barakah and Ammad-uddin 2012). A wired network connection although increases the security of the network, it is a very costly process. Furthermore, it becomes very difficult to manage a wired connection in a wide area network. Therefore, it is recommended for the Four Seasons to establish a wireless network connection for the new POS system. Business Risks The new POS system although offers various advantages to the organization, it is exposed to a number of risks as well (Zissis and Lekkas 2012). The implementation of the system in a wireless network increases the security risk. This is because a wireless network is very vulnerable to attacks and can lead to data loss or data theft. This security risk can be avoided by installing a proper intrusion detection system in the network. The storage of companys data in a centralized database might invite a privacy risk as the database can be compromised due to various virus and malware attacks. This can be prevented by proper data encryption and protection of the system by an up to date antivirus (Al Ameen, Liu and Kwak 2012). Tracking the sales and financial data with the help of the new POS might invite breach of the confidentiality of the customers data due to data compromise by the hackers of loss of data due to malware or security attack. This can be prevented by storing of data in encrypted form and enforcing authorization levels for data access. Conclusion Therefore, it can be deduced that, implementation of the new POS system will considerably help the Four Seasons in obtaining competitive advantages in the marketplace. The report discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the POS system proposed along with the business risk and organization might face while implementing the system. The report further suggests the different risk mitigation process for the identified business risks. Recommendations A proper plan is to be made for implementation of POS and should be implemented according to the needs In order to increase the security and privacy of the data, proper intrusion detection system is to be installed. It is recommended for the organization to allocate proper time and money for the system maintenance. References Al Ameen, M., Liu, J. and Kwak, K., 2012. Security and privacy issues in wireless sensor networks for healthcare applications.Journal of medical systems,36(1), pp.93-101. Barakah, D.M. and Ammad-uddin, M., 2012, February. A survey of challenges and applications of wireless body area network (WBAN) and role of a virtual doctor server in existing architecture. InIntelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation (ISMS), 2012 Third International Conference on(pp. 214-219). IEEE. Coronel, C. and Morris, S., 2016.Database systems: design, implementation, management. Cengage Learning. Diallo, O., Rodrigues, J.J. and Sene, M., 2012. Real-time data management on wireless sensor networks: A survey.Journal of Network and Computer Applications,35(3), pp.1013-1021. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E. eds., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hall, J.A., 2012.Accounting information systems. Cengage Learning. Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P., 2016.Management information system. Pearson Education India. Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016.Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. accounting Sons. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., 2016.The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons.

Relationship Between Public Service Motivation and Job Performance

Question: Discuss about the Relationship Between Public Service Motivation and Job Performance. Answer: Introduction: The mining industry is facing major challenges globally, that are restricting and reforming the mining sector and as a result the industry demands a new and innovative approach to management. Many different small scale secondary industries depend on mining sector and also it also supports a substantial amount of employment and financially viable wealth of the society. MiningCo is a mining business organization which operates in a range of isolated locations with many fly-in, fly-out staff on a rotating two-week roster basis. Now the organization is facing serious issues regarding employee commitment and performance in the organization. In this report the author, HR of MiningCo, a senior HR-Executive tries to identify the underlying problem, high attrition rate in the organization and poor performance and analyse the essential factors that are facilitating the issues faced by the organization. Also, the author being the senior HR-Executive will form a crisis management team to manage the practices that any considerable talent gap emerges at any individual site. Mining industry analysis: The MiningCo is facing a human recourse shortage and management issue to meet with the production needs. The organization is experiencing a high attrition rate with more people leaving the jobs and opting for more safe and secure career options. The mining industry is extremely complex and with new developing settings and surroundings in the industry in which cut throat competition, business interests and scenario of the practical market are forcing organizations to optimize their human resource management policies in order to maintain sustainability and profit (Mudd, 2010). The organization is facing significant challenges when it comes to managing attrition rate because of the economic crisis in Greece and the increasing impact of the presence of ISIS in the Middle East on foreign nationals is resulting in many of the senior executive employees onsite wishing to leave. As the mining industry is difficulties in attracting global talents due to hectic and risky job situations, the human resource managers are becoming more responsible for developing and employing business strategies to ensure decrease in attrition rates and increase in productivity of workers while be aware of the changing market conditions and industrial trends. According to Oracles Vice President, Mr. John F Hansen (Human Capital Management in JAPAC) stated that in mining industry an effective leader always balance the need for human capital specialization and flexibility with the steady force toward growing efficiency and improvements. Performance management and employee motivation: The concept of Performance Management is regarded as one of the significant human resource strategies for achieving the strategic purpose of the organization. The Performance Management System is a process that encompasses the performance appraisal and workforce improvement are vulnerable aspects of strategic human resource management (Boselie, P., 2010). Generally, management of an organization fails to identify the need for performance management in organizations as a result the organizations complain about the ineffective and poor performance of the staff. According to a recent survey it has been observed that only 3 out of 10 employees feels that the performance management system utilization actually helps them to improve their achievements and less than forty percent employee actually feels that their organization has an effective performance management system which generates sincere feedback or utilizes technology to modernize the process. So, it can be clearly seen that there is a serious gap in measuring the optimized performance management. The main reasons for these can be due to old fashioned performance management systems or lack of outlook of the management. To improve the employee performance, organizations should consider including effectiveness and efficiency of organization performance management systems and employee morale (Gruman and Saks, 2011). It is a matter of fact that employee performance is always reflected through organizations performance and profitability (Boxall and Purcell, 2011). Often managers feel hesitant in providing honest and practical feedback and conduct a sincere dialogue with employees because they think that it will retaliate and harm the relationship with their subordinates (Bell, 2013) However, it is one of the fundamental process by which managers can initiate better performing employees. According to scholars, employees feel motivated and valued when they get honest and positive feedback from their managers or management. Positive criticism encourages employees to look positively and effectively work on their week points for improving their performances (Stahl, et al. 2012). Thus, in the current scenario , developing an efficient workplace performance metric system and honest and positive feedback system in organization is regarded as one of the job responsibility of the human resource manager. There is no universal rule or strategy for implementing performance management in an organization. As a result, it can be formulated by analysing the organizations purpose and function, which should be planned and developed by identifying and recognizing business requirements, culture of the organization and other human resource factors. Generally, a well structured and useful performance management system has well-planned method for achievements, evolution methods, with well-structured method to evaluate achievements and accomplishments with clear and defined job roles and responsibilities for the employees (Walker, wt al 2012). A well-structured performance management system has plan, recruitment, performance meter, training and development, career opportunity, succession planning, awards and evolution and reporting (Markos and Sridevi, 2010). Effective and reliable performance management systems have performance standards by which the organization clearly states the expectation of performance from the employees. It shows how employees are performing and the gap between the expected performance and actual result. This will allow the human resource manager to monitor the work force efficiency and helps in identifying the low performers in the organization and focuses on the managing and motivating employees. The organizations performance management system generally aligns with the long term organizational objective (Syverson, 2011). It engages supervision of employee labours, which is based on measureable performance results. The performance management system also consists of employee motivation which improves employee performance as it clearly states performance and makes rewards achievable (Ayub and Rafif, 2011). According to scholars, recognition at workplace is regarded as one of the most strong forms of motivation for employees. Encouraging performance appraisal in workplace allows employees to get recognized, important, and stable acknowledgment from the management which makes employees more focused and work committed (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). So, in the present scenario, introducing performance management system will encourage in clear vision in organizations objectives and job responsibilities and effective communication system in the organization among employees and management at all levels. Managing Employee Attrition Rate: The MiningCo is facing challenges regarding managing attrition rate in the organization with more senior employees want to leave the organization. The MiningCo operates in a range of isolated locations with many fly-in, fly-out staff on a rotating two-week roster basis. The fly-in, fly-out can be explained as a process when an organization relocates staffs temporarily in remote and isolated locations for completing a project for a specific period of time, families are not relocated with employees as generally the places are very distant to support basic life requirements (Vojnovic, 2014). In this method, employees often feel pressured as they live without family and social life for an extended period of time. In a recent study it was observed that employees who engage in fly-in fly-out job are more prone to many psychological disorders, such as higher tendency to suicides (Taylor, and Simmonds, 2009). In MininCo, the main factors that are pushing employees, specifically high level executive employees to leave the organization are the economic crisis in Greece and the increasing impact of the presence of ISIS in the Middle East on foreign nationals. Due to sudden drop in oil prices internationally, many mining organizations are facing a financial turmoil situation and are unable to attract employees with lucrative salaries. The employees in the mining sector generally have a very dull, risky and hectic work life where constant work pressure has resulted into depression and stress in workplace environment that results poor performance and lack of commitment towards work. People want to quite when they do not trust or lack of involvements with the organization. It has been observed that employees who are motivated they feel more involved and committed towards job responsibility. But when employees become stressed due to working conditions with declining enthusiasm and their morals deteriorate, they becomes less interested and distant towards their job roles. The author feels that to face these issues the management should convey a clear purpose and direction for the employees that what is the organizations objective and what are the expected performances from the workforce. Otherwise without lack of clear vision, employees will not have a clear idea about job role and organizations objective as a result t hey will find it hard to employ their best performance in workplace. Lack of comprehensive communication in the organization also gives rise to lack of trust and stress among work force (Taylor and Simmonds, 2009). The human resource department should emphasise on building an effective communication system in the organization so that the employees as well as the management feel heard and convey their concerns and build a strong work place relationship among employer employee. The management should have a clear communication with the high ranked executives who want to leave the organization to make them feel listened, understood and valued. An effective communication process will direct towards a strong workforce and it also provides employees the knowledge, structure and positive work environment they need to feel comfortable dealing with conflict and resolving issues effectively. The human resource department should encourage interactive communication sessions and dialogue platform s with employees to develop individual communication and interpersonal associations in the organization at all level if management (Hendry, 2012). There is a socio-political turmoil in the Middle East due to over growing influence of ISIS and their hostile attitude towards employees of foreign origins. The management should focus on this issue and examine the underlying threat and take appropriate actions to ensure employee safety at workplace. The human resource department should address this issue to the employees who feels that there is a substantial risk of life at workplace due to terror threat and convince them that organization has taken legal steps to ensure employee safety as a priority of the organization. The HR department should ensure the organization should not encourage any kind of grave vine communication that may give rise to rumours and restrain any hysteria within the organization. In these scenario, one of the basic objective of the human resource department should be bringing back the confidence and trust in the workforce by building strong relationship with them. One of the challenges faced by the MiningCo is to retain key workforce. The HR department should constantly restructure and redesign organizational culture to introduce innovative and effective workplace planning strategies overcome the struggle of talent shortage in the industry. The HR department should team up with the management to formulate business transformation strategies for encouraging employee commitment and optimization of workforce. This can be achieved by planning clear job role and responsibilities, diversity of job responsibility, better decision making authority, and safe and healthy workplace environment. Also, in this confusing and chaotic disorder, the human resource management of MiningCo can play a very important role in retain human resource talents and sustain while focusing on the fast changing market conditions. The human resource department should focus on the current demand and future landscape of the industry. The world is experiencing technological advancements, so the HR department of MiningCo should employ mechanization and atomization where intelligent machineries will replace a good amount of human capital requirements for onsite jobs (Brynjolfsson and McAfee, 2012). It will offer the organization to setup a more technologically improved workplace which will shift the labour force from dull and risky situations to managing and administrating machinery processes from an office. This will change the basic concept of labour employment in mining industry. A crisis management team: Mining industry is regarded as one of the most hazardous job roles with oil spills, terrorism threats, corporate chaos, political pressures, accidents at workplace, etc that effects organizational performance and sustainability. Crisis is a condition where an event or action that leads to an unstable and disastrous situation that can have a direct impact on human life (Lerbinger, 2012). In context to business organizations, a crisis is a situation where a total or partial interruption in business operations can occur due to hazardous or emergency situations. It can also manipulate stakeholders perception towards the organization, mostly negatively (Booth, 2015). Mining organizations often leads to crisis situations due to its hazardous nature job with both natural as well as human made situational crisis and disaster leads to organizational instability. Thus, mining organizations needs a dedicated crisis management approach to handle crisis situations and maintain equilibrium in the workplace. In the present scenario, the human resource department can play an important role in safe guarding the employee welfare and safety and support in business sustainability. Thus, referring to the current scenario, which the MiningCo is facing, the author is suggesting planning and developing an effective crisis management team for having a right approach to manage crisis. The human resource department can manipulate the culture and potential of the organization to build effective capability and groundwork for effective crisis management and leadership in the time of crisis (Elliott, et al. 2010). The author believes that this job can be best delivered by the human resource department of the organization because it is the human resource department which has an outlook and approach to understand the human side of the organization and understand the tactical approach of human capital management. Generally, in the contemporary business organizations, management often prioritize emphasize systems, operations, infrastructure to be managed in a crisis situation and neglects human capital. But the management should understand that a business cannot sustain and survive without well-organized, job responsible and motivated workforce. Organizations with improper or lack of crisis management team and plan faces catastrophic situations when faces emergency or crisis. People get more prone to accidents resulting in permanent disabilities and fatalities which eventually affect the workforce which psychologically traumatize the workforce and eventually change of personality principles ad this will ultimately lead to loss of crucial talents and staff system in the organization. Lack of proper crisis management measure in organization can affect not only employees but also can have impact on organizations processes with increase in absenteeism and high attrition rate (Ley, 2012). Also, im proper crisis management often leads to negative publicity and bad public image of the organization. In the contemporary business scenario, one of the most important assists in an organization is human capital and businesses are emphasizing on development and improvement of human resources while safe guarding their needs and requirements. The human resource management has a tactical function and responsibility to make certain that the management are aware of the internal significance of the human capital to the possible crisis possibilities so that they can ensure the crisis management plan and strategy encompass all possible risks and apprehensions. It is important for the human resource department to become involved in the crisis management of the organization so that they can understand the risk management and business stability administration which would encompass the human capital plan of the business. Thus, the author recommends to build a well-structured crisis management department in the organization, which will coordinate with the organizational department at all levels to formulate a effective protection and enhancement system the can be achieved through effective crisis communication network at organization at all levels, human capital and talent management, planning for succession, resource planning, training and development of talents and crisis action plan by formulating safety training. This process cannot be lead by a single brain so to build an effective crisis management team; the organization should emphasize on its structure and functional areas. A crisis management expert always handles emergency situations more effectively. So, the organization can hire crisis management experts for the organizations crisis management but the department should have other members comprised of heads of other departments in the organization to act as advisors. The crisis management department have to work in coordination with other departments of the organization for developing a communication and coordination system for emergency management by promoting an d encouraging the workforce to take appropriate decisions and actions at the time of emergency and crisis (Coombs and Holladay, 2011). The team must take charge and encourage the organization to work as a single unit during crisis as its basic job is to identify the crisis and understand the factors that created the crisis situation. The team must work to improve the condition for smooth functioning of the organization. Developing alternative and unconventional plans for survival of business also regarded as core area of the crisis management team (Roux-Dufort, 2012). The team must double check the plan and consider all possible results and consequences before implementing the plan. The plans of crisis management teams are often for short term solutions to survive in the crisis situations. Rarely do they plan for long term solutions. So, there should be a proper feedback system for evaluating the implemented plan. So, that once the organization overcomes the initial stage of crisis, it should evaluate the plan and restructure organizations culture and structure for long term sustainability. The basic job of a crisis management team is to facilitate the organization to act accordingly in emergency and overcome critical situations (Crandall, et al. 2013). Lastly, reward system for the crisis management team should be based on their performance to supervise the affairs that any considerable talent gap emerges at any individual site of the MinningCo. Conclusion: In the above report, the author tied to identify the underlying problem, high attrition rate in MiningCo and poor performance and analyse the essential factors that are facilitating the issues faced by MiningCo. The report discussed the importance of performance management system in contemporary organizations success and focusing on the current issues faced in the organization. Author explores the topic how human resource can play an important role during crisis management. Lastly, the author has also recommended for a formation of a crisis management team within the organization for various sites and their core job would be managing the incidents that any significant talent gap appears at workplace. Reference: Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Ayub, N. and Rafif, S., 2011. The relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction.Pakistan Business Review,13. Bell, N., 2013. 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